D?T3 



T4 3 5 



The PAN/AMERIC AN 
EXPOSITION. 



BUFFALO, NY.,U.S A 

From May 1 to November 1, 1901 

For whatever further information may be 
desired with regard to the Exposition please- 
address ^he Director-General Pan-American. 
Exposition. Buffalo, N. Y., U. S. A. 




THE PAN/AMERICAN EXPOSITION, 






WITH ten thousand flags waving a welcome to all. with fitting display and stately ceremony, the 
first great Exposition of the twentieth century will be opened at Buffalo, N. Y., on May 1, 
1901. The initial events will be of soul-stirring interest, and the rising curtain will reveal a 
scene of unexampled beauty. 
Architectural works, mammoth in proportions and graceful in outline, brilliant with color and finished 
with intricate gnd infinite detail, will have a setting of rare foliage and vivid bloom, amid dancing fountains, 
placid pools and rippling lakelets, making a fairyland of undreamed loveliness and unimagined possibility. 

The work of preparing this splendid Exposition is moving forward at all points with such speed as to 
insure the completion of all plans before the opening day. Throughout the season of 1900 thousands of 
men of many trades will ply their tools in bringing Jjnto existence the magnificent buildings in which the 
countless exhibits are to be displayed. The landscape feattires are fast taking on the beauteous forms that 
shall so agreeably enhance the splendor of the enterprise. 




Niaga:..^ ^^^.^.. 



HISTORY OF THE EXPOSITION. 



The history of the Pan-American Exposition dates back to the time of the Exposition at Atlanta. Ga.. 
when the success of that enterprise suggested a broader undertaking that should particularly illustrate the 
progress of civilization in the Western Hemisphere during the nineteenth century. A company was organized 
soon thereaftsr and performed much preliminary workl It was finally superseded by a large and strong 
organization composed of several hundred business meni of Buffalo. 

The capital stock of the new company was fixed at $2,500,000, with authority to issue bonds for a like 

amount. The city thus committed itself to a five-millbn-dollar Exposition. With the $500,000 from the 

^ National Government and $300,000 from the State of! New York the aggregate resources are $5,800,000. 

•, AcriiticSna^'^ijpcopriations-^^je. ej^Dected from the State. The liberal appropriations for exhibits from the 

:va^i:Dij3^|4|e5,©|t,h5 Uni(3fl,:fU)ro Canada, and from all the principal countries of South and Central America, 

will amount to several milfions'more. The combinediefforts of the many States and nations cannot fail to 

••:•*:••::•: ••• : .; .-. .• ' 

•:•::..::/.-.•.•.•/:• .-. : ••: : FEB 11 1904 
D.ofD. 




bring into existence an Exposition that 
will prove highly educational, and mag- 
nificent in all its details. 

GOVERNMENT ENDORSE- 
MENT. 

The enterprise received official en- 
dorsement by the Federal Government 
when the Congress in July, 1898. by 
resolution declared that " A Pan- 
American Exposition will undoubtedly 
be of vast benefit to the commercial 
interests of the countries of North, 
South and Central America, and it 
merits the approval of Congress and of 
the people of the United States." 

March 3, 1899, Congress appro- 
priated $500 000, and declared that 
"it is desirable to encourage the hold- 
ing of a Pan-American Exposition on 
the Niagara Frontier in the City of 
Buffalo, in the year 1901, fittingly to 
illustrate the marvelous development 
of the Western Hemisphere during the 
Nineteenth Century, by a display of the 
arts, industries, manufactures and the 
products of the soil, mine and sea," 
and also declared that " the proposed 
Pan-American Exposition being con- 
fined to the Western Hemisphere, and 
being held in the near vicinity of the 
great Niagara Cataract, within a day's 
journey of which reside forty mi'lion 
people, would unquestionably be of 
vast benefit to the commercial inter- 
ests, not only of this country, but of 
the entire hemisphere, and should 
therefore have the sanction of the 
Congress of the United States." 

The President's Annual Message to 
Congress, in December, 1899, refers 
at length to the Pan-American Expo- 
sition, closing as follows: "I have 
every reason to hope and believe that 
this Exposition will tend more firmly 
to cement the cordial relations between 
the nations on this continent." 



invit^tionc; were issued bv the National Government through the Departnient of State, in June, 1899, 
to alMh n^ons o7the West^ to participate in the Exposition. Official acceptances have 

to all the nations or ^ne wesi Honduras, Nicaraugua, Salvador, Guatemala, Guadeloupe.. Dutch 

^Z:Z^JT,^%:^'<^. Costa Rica, I..1, fru Ven.uela ^n^ Ha.i^ J.e are 
some twenty independent governments and as many more dependencies in tlie Western Hem sphere. 
IsTxpected'thLt nearly all o'f these countries and island groups will be represented at the Exposition. 

SELECTION OF A SITE. 

The choice of a site from the dozen available ones in and about the City of Bu«alo was discussed wU^^^ 

oreat ardor and enthusiasm The city was willing to surrender its beautiful park called The Front, over 

fook ne ?he harbor Lake Erie and the head of the Niagara River, but the acreage was not deemed sufficient 

ofthfenterprse The committee finally selected a plot of 350 acres, including 133 acres of improved 

iark and TnT'akelets, in the northern part of the city. The site is about one mile long from north to 




Machinery and Transportatiok. 
south by half a mile wide, of somewhat irregular shape. The main approach from the city will be through 
one of the most beautiful parks in the world. The site has not alone the merit of extraordinary beauty but 
is the most accessible of all those available. Its northern boundary is tho New York Central Railway s 
double-track Belt Line which encircles the city. The entire twenty-six steam railways which enter Buffalo 
will have access to these tracks and to the great Exposition station. On three sides of the Exposition grounds 
are electric trolley lines connecting with 300 miles of city and suburban tracks, and a five-cent fare will 
carry the passenger to the most remote points within the city limits. 

THE EXPOSITION CITY. 

Buffalo is an ideal Exposition city, having a delightful summer climate, almost free from hot nights 
on account of the breezes from Lake Erie, which lies to the southwest, and it is one of the greatest railroad 



centers of the world. The several steamer lines 
of the Great Lakes also add to the extensive trans- 
portation facilities. The city has a high standard 
as to health, due somewhat to the fact that it has 
more asphalt pavements than any other city in the 
world These pavements are very clean and of 
great sanitary value. To these advantages are 
added an abundance of pure water from Lake Erie 
and an extensive and perfect drainage system, with 
proper sanitary regulations well enforced. 

OBJECTS OF INTEREST NEAR 
BUFFALO. 
The great Falls of Niagara and the wonderfu 
scenery of the Niagara Gorge are but thirty minute:^ 
by rail from the Exposition grounds. To the natural 
objects of interest in that 
famous locality is now 
added the largest elec- 
tric power plant in the 
world, which is always 
open to visitors. The 
tourist may also leave 
Buffalo in the morning 
and spend several hours 
at the famous Chautau- 
qua Summer School, 
returning in the early 
evening. Many other 
interesting places are in 
the immediate vicinity 
of the Exposition city: 




Lable in 



Expo?*rnoN CtHou>'i» 



B" ON Block Plan 




ARCH Bridge in Exposition Grotinds 




CLASSIFICATION 
OF EXHIBITS. 

The scope of the Ex- 
position is very broad, 
intending to show to 
the world in a most in- 
teresting way the pro- 
gress of all the nations 
of the three Americas 
during a century of marv- 
elous development. The 
exhibits will have group- 
ings as follows : 

Electricity and Elec- 
trical Appliances. 
Fine Arts : Painting. Sculpture and Decoration. 
Graphic Arts : Typography, Lithography. Steel 
and Copper-plate Printing, Photo-Mechanical Pro- 
cesses, Drawing, Engraving and Bookbinding. 

Liberal Arts: Education, Engineering. Public 
Works, Constructive Architecture, Music and 

the Drama. , t u a 

Ethnology, Archaeology, Progress of Labor and 
Invention, Isolated and Collective Exhibits. 

Agriculture, Food and its Accessories, Agricul- 
tural Machinery and Appliances. 

Horticulture, Viticulture, Floriculture. 

Live Stock. 

Forestry and Forest Products. 



North Bat. " C " on Bix)ck Plan. 








ii 



BUFFALO y^Y 



^ ' 



i 



ffFFf 




U>fiTED States Gotbknment Bitildinc;s. 



Fish, Fisheries, Fish Products and Apparatus 
for Fishing. 

Mines and Metallurgy. 

Machinery. 

Manufactures. 



Transportation Exhibits, Railways, Vessels, 
Vehicles. 

Exhibits from the Hawaiian Islands, Porto Rico 
and the Phillippine Islands. 




Electricity Building. 




Forestry and MuNiiri. 



Graphic Arts. 



HOUTICULTUKE. 

To this classification will be added numerous special exhibits in buildings of their own. and the many 
State and foreign exhibits in separate buildings. About fifteen acres of space have been set apart for the 
State and foreign buildings. 

ELECTRICAL FEATURES. 

The Electrical Science will receive special homage at the Pan-American Exposition, The nearness 
of the mammoth Electric Power Plants at Niagara Falls has given to Buffalo the title of Electric City. The 
city is lighted by Niagara Falls Power, the great street railway system is operated by it and the energy is 
in use in many mills, factories and establishments of all kinds where power is required. The power is 
carried to Buffalo, a distance of twenty-two miles, by means of large bare copper cables of nineteen wires 
each strung on heavy posts, very tall, and at a pressure of 10,000 volts. The insulators are necessarily of 





^ 4'i mmwm 




EXHKOI.OGT BUILDIKG. 




frxi fU 






enormous size, and the line probably the most remarks 

ble in use. The unlimited power so near at hand hi 

suggested to the Exposition management the most lavish 

and complete electrical display ever undertaken. The 

" Court of the Fountains " has been chosen as the 

principal center for the elaborate exhibition of Electric 

lighting effects. This Court is 500 feet wide and 1,000 

'eet long, the center being a large aquatic basin. In 

this basin are numerous fountains and other water 

effects, which at night will be transformed into fountains 

of fire by means of electric lights. Colored lights will 

be employed to heighten the fantastic character of the 

brilliant scene. All the surrounding buildings will be 

outlined with electric lights placed along the ridges, 

eaves, cornices and corners, more than 100,000 lamps 

being used to produce these unparalleled displays. At 

the north end of the Court of the Fountains will stand 

the Electric Tower, 348 feet high, surmounted by a 

symbolical figure of electricity. The Tower will stand 

in another large basin, in which will be produced a 

variety of water effects. The most important of these 

will be a series of cascades falling from a high niche in 

the Tower. The design of this Electric Tower is of extraordinary beauty. Two high wings sweep from the 

east and west sides of the base, describing a southward curve and making a semi-circular space 200 feet 

broad on the side of the Tower which fronts the Court of the Fountains. The main body of the Tower is 










Manufactures and Liberal Arts. 




STADiTiiM OK Athletic Abena. 

80 feet square and 200 feet high. The crown is made up of three distinct parts. The lower section is an 
open loggia. Above this is a tall, circular colonnade, surniounted by a cupola or lantern, and then the figure 
of Electricity herself. At a height of seventy feet will be a large restaurant, and from the cupola a broad 

view of the grounds, the city, lake and the Niagara 
Frontier may be obtained. The various floors, all 
reached by elevators, will be used for a variety of pur- 
poses, such as offices, reception rooms and exhibition 
space. The four sides of the Tower will be richly pan- 
eled with open work, which it is the design to illuminate 
from within, producing a brilliant exterior effect at night. 
Statuary and other elaborate sculptured work will be 
much used in the embellishment of the Tower. 

THE ELECTRICAL BUILDING. 

The Electricity building, in which the wonderful force 
will be brought into use in numberless ways, so that one 
may study it with ease and profit, is 500 feet long and 
150 feet wide, giving 75,000 square feet of exhibition 
space. The. employment of the mysterious fluid in 
smelting, welding, cooking, lighting, heating and for 
power purposes will be clearly illustrated by a multitude 
of exhibits. In no branch of science has there been such 
progress as in the electrical field. It may be truthfully 
said that this science has witnessed an almost complete 





;MTI»»BerrM£MN-AMEBICAN tX POSITION ( 




RESTAURANTANDENTRANCETOMIDWAY. COLONNADE AND ENTRANCE TO r:rs7at7oN. 

THE V PLAZA 

Toe Plaza. 



revolution since the World's Columbian Exposition at (phicago. Many discoveries and inventions have taken 
place and countless new applications found for this brm of energy. The unremitting work of those who 
devote their lives to electrical study and experiment has been generously rewarded, and the fruits of their 
effort will be shown at Buffalo as never before. In fact, electric power will be in evidence everywhere 
lighting the buildings and grounds at night, turning thei machinery in all the Exposition buildings, driving the 
cars that traverse the intra-mural railway, and propelling the automobiles that will give the visitors pleasure 
rides about the city. ^ 

LANDSCAPE FEATURES. 

The Landscape architects have been cemmissioned to prepare the most artistic setting for the 
Exposition that a liberal expenditure can secure. They have the advantage, as a beginning, of one of the 
tinest parks in the world, upon which hundreds of thousands of dollars have been expended, and which time 
has helped to beautify by adding size and symmetry to the many rare trees that give shade and richness to 
this noble pleasure-ground. Upon the 133 acres of Delaware Park the landscape artists are grafting with 
perfect skill the broad grounds that will contain the main group of Exposition buildings. 

It will be noted, by reference to the diagram herewith, that the visitor who approaches the Exposition 
trom the south will pass nearly through this park before coming to that part of the grounds designated as 
tne Approach (D). Every sense partakes of the generous bounty here dispensed of beauty in its varied 
torms. The main Exposition buildings are ranged around a broad Court over 2,000 feet long, the same 
having a transverse court, the Esplanade, about 1,700 feet from east to west. From the Approach the 
visitor comes to the Fore-Court (E). thence crossing the Triumphal Bridge (G) to the Esolanade (K). 
Ihe Court of the Fountains (Q) is 500 feet wide by 1,000 feet long, and the Plaza (Y) is 500^ by 350 feet. 
1 his great Court is richly embellished with aquatic pools, fountains, statuary, balustrades, shrubs, trees 
TL ?'T^ ^^°'^^ displays. The Mall (W-W)'is partly shaded with tall poplars. A Grand Canal, 
with Mirror Lakes (I-I) supplies a means of circumnavigating the main group of buildings in electric launches, 
gondolas and other small craft. Beyond the Canal in all directions the grounds are laid out with lawns, 
trees, shrubs and flowers. The large number of buildings for isolated exhibits, public comfort, etc., are in 
tnese parts of the grounds. The Music Gardens (F), west of the Fore-Court, constitute a feature of much 
R^^u "^^ interest. East of the Fore-Court about fifteen acres are devoted to the State and Foreign 

Buildings, ranged about a court that is made gay with fountains, flowers and other suitable exterior 
embelhshments. 



EXPOSITION BUILDINGS. 

The style of architecture adopted by the Board of Architects 's a free treatment of the Spanish Ren- 
aissance. While following the general lines found in the chief architectural works throughout Latin 
America, the Exposition buildings will have more of color and sculptured decoration, Arabesques and relieis 
to enrich pillars and pilasters, soffits and cornices, will be liberally employed. Shaded loggias, arcades and 
colonnades, airy pavilions and high domes, tall towers and lofty lanterns will be prominent features of the 
buildings. Tinted walls will soften the beauty of the ensemble. This florid architecture will possess the 
required dignity, yet will present a certain festival gaiety that is desirable in such an Exposition. 

The largest buildings of the Exposition are those devoted to Manufactures and Liberal Arts and 
Machinery and Transportation. They are marked Nos. 10 and 11 respectively on the diagram. Each of 
these covers over four acres of land, the dimensions being 500 by 350 feet. In the center of each is a 
broad court, in which is a long'pool of water with a central fountain. Winding paths are bordered with shrubs 
and flowers, and sodded banks reach down to the water's crystal edge. Settees for the comfort of visitors 
will be liberally supplied. The central fountain will be visible from any of the four main entrances through 
broad isles that lead to the court. 

The Agricultural Building (12) and the Electricity Building (13) are companion structures in size, each 
being 500 by 150 feet. They front on the Mall, which passes on the south side. Between them is the tall 
Electric Tower, described under the head of " Electrical Features." 

The Government group (2-2-2) consists of three buildings, forming the eastern boundary of the trans- 
verse court or Esplanade. The main building is 600 by 130 feet, with a central dome 250 feet above the 
floor. Two curved colonnades will extend from near the middle of the west side of the main building 162 
feet to the two lesser buildings, forming a semi-circular court. The two smaller buildings will be 150 feet 
square. They will contain the aquariums and exhibits of the United States Weather' Bureau and the new 
collections from Porto Rico. Hawaii and the Philippine Islands. The large number of other exhibits 





P f 




In Buffalo Harbor. 




Ellicott Square, Main Sireei, L 



Lafayette Park. Looking Down Main Strebt. 

belonging to the Federal Gov- 
ernment will find a place in 
the main building. 

At the opposite or western 
end of the Esplanade are the 
Horticultural (7), Forestry and 
Mines (5) and Graphic. Arts 
(6) Buildings, connected by 
curved colonnades, forming a 
semi-circular court similar to 
that enclosed by the Govern- 
ment group. The Horticul 
tural Building is 220 feei 
square with a central lantern 
236 feet high. The others of 
the group are each 150 feet 
square with pavilions 98 feet 
above ground. Large conservatories are entered 
through the colonnades. 

As the visitor enters the Court of the Foun- 
tains from the Esplanade, on the right and left 
are the Ethnology Building (3) and the Temple of 
Music (4), each 150 feet square. Between these 
and the large buildings next north are subordinate 
courts rich with the color of flowers and bright 
with the sparkle of fountains. 

The Stadium (O) will be the grandest sport- 
ing arena ever erected on the Western Continent. 
Its circumference, covering about ten acres, will 
be larger than the colosseum of Rome. The top 
row of seats will be sixty-two feet from the ground 
and the seating capacity is estimated for 25,000 




spectators. It will contain a quarter mile racing 
track and abundant space within for all sorts of athletic 
games and contests. The space beneath the seats 
will be used for exhibition purposes, being the equivalent 
of a very large building. The main entrance to the 
Stadium (2) will be from the Plaza, at the west end, 
through an ornamental building 241 feet long and 52 
feet wide. 

The principal entrance to the Midway (15) will 
be through a large building (V) of the same size as 
the Stadium entrance, on the west side of the Plaza. 
It will serve the double purpose of a restaurant and 
Midway entrances. The Mid- 
way will cover twenty acres.and 
will contain one of the most 
interesting collections of en- 
tertainment novelties ever 
brought together. 

The Propylasa or entrances 
from the steam and trolley 
railway station are on the 
north side of the Plaza and 
mark the northern limit of 
the Grand Court. These 
elaborate monumental en- 
trances are connected by a 
tall graceful colonnade, the 
whole forming a screen from 
the railway tracks and trains. 




Corner Main and Niagara streets 



The Live Stock Buildings (18) will cover about ten acres, and are east of the Agricultural and 
Manufactures buildings. 

An intra-mural railway, about three miles long, will encircle the grounds, passing all the entrances, 
and having a terminal station at the Main Entrance (A) near Forest Avenue on Lincoln Parkway. Crossings 
at grade will be avoided, so that the railway will not be a source of danger to visitors. 

FINE PERMANENT BUILDINGS. 

The New York State Building is to be a permanent structure costing $150,000. Of this sum 
$100,000 will be from the State appropriation. $25,000 from the City of Buffalo and $25,000 from the 
Buffalo Historical Society. It will be of Indiana sandstone or marble, 82 by 130 feet, and at the close of 
the Exposition it will become the home of the great collection of relics owned by the Buffalo Historical 




Interior Power House, Niagara Falls Power Company. 



Society. The building will stand in the Park near Elmwood Avenue, north of the Bay. 

The Albright Art Gallery, the gift of J. J. Albright, costing $350,000, will also occupy a site in the 
Park, and will be a permanent edifice It will serve the purpose of an Art Building for the Exposition, 
and the fine collection of paintings and sculptures belonging to the Buffalo Fine Arts Academy will be 
transferred to it, there to remain. A Maintenance P"'und of $100,000 is being raised by private subscription 
and is nearly all subscribed. 

A FAMOUS CARILLON. 

The largest and finest chime of bells in the Western World, belonging to St. Joseph's Cathedral, 
Buffalo, will contribute their music to the grandeur of the Exposition, This splendid carillon consists of 
forty-three bells and cost $25,000. The bells were ordered by Bishop Timon in 1865, and were cast in 




Steamer Northland, Northkrn Steamship Company 
France in 1866. They were 
exhibited at the Paris Ex- 
position in 1867 and reached 
Buffalo in 1868. St. Joseph's ; 

Tower, in which they were 
hung, proved so unsuitable 
for .them that they have not 
been rung since 1875. The p 

bells weigh from 25 pounds up '^ 

to 5,068 pounds. A special 
campanile will be built for 
them at the Exposition, and a 
new arrangement will permit 
their proper ringing by means 
of an electro-mechanical de- 
vice. They will add a very in- &■ 
teresting and important feature f^ " 
to the Great Exposition. 



HOW TO REACH 
BUFFALO. 




Steamer Corona, Niagara River Navi 
GATioN Company. 



Buffalo is a terminal city for many of the 
great railway systems, and one may take a 
train from any of a score of large cities and 
make the trip to Buffalo without change of cars 
and at the highest speed known to American 
railroading. New York City is the nearest 
seaport, and five trunk lines of railway connect 
the two cities. The trip from New York to 
Buffalo may be made in eight and one-fourth 
hours; from St. Louis, twenty hours; from 
Chicago, thirteen hours; from Indianapolis, 
twelve hours; from Columbus, eight and one-half 
hours ; from Cleveland, four and one-half hours; 



from Pittsburg in nine hours ; from Detroit in six 
hours ; from Port Huron in seven and one-half 
hours; from Washington in fifteen hours; from 
Baltimore or Philadelphia in thirteen and one- 
half hours ; from Boston in fourteen hours ; 
from Montreal in fifteen hours ; from Toronto 
in three hours. 

Buffalo is one of the greatest commercial 
cities of North America, ranking as the fourth 
in importance of all the cities of the world in its 
marine business. The navigation lines of the 
Great Lakes have their eastern 
terminals at Buffalo, where 
a fine new harbor is about 
completed. Several passenger 
steamer lines run from Buffalo 
to up-lake points, and have in 
their service large steamships 
as finely equipped as any that 
traverse the oceans in inter- 
national traffic. Within one 
night's ride from Buffalo are 
the homes of 44,000,000 
people, or more than half the 
population of the United States. 
The city is preparing for the en- 
tertainment of a vast number 
of visitors throughout the Ex- 
position season. The private 
houses will be opened for their 
accommodation, and there will 
be no lack of means for their 
comfort and pleasure. 



^ 




STEAMjna City of Buffalo, Clevei^nd and Buffalo Transit Co. 




Niagara Gorgic. 



Chautauqua Lake. 



President, Johm G. Milburn. 
Secretary, Edwin Fleming. 
Treasurer, George L. Williams, 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

John N. Scatcherd, Chairman. 
George K. Birge. J. T. Jones. 

Conrad Diehl. Robert F. Scheli.ing. 

Harry Hamlin. Carleton Sprague. 

Charles R. Huntley. Thomas W. Symons. 

George W. Ames, Secretary to Chairman. 



EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. 

William I. Buchanan, 
Director-General. 
Newcomb Carlton, John B. Weber, 

Director of Works. Commissioner-General. 

Henry E. Grant, F. W. Taylor, 

Acting Auditor. Director of Concessions. 




Lakewoou, on Lake Chautauqua. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



iliilli ililllil III lllillillllillllliil 
019 930 266 8 



^ THE " 

Pan-America n Exposition. 




BUFFALO, N, Y., U S. A. 
From May 1 to November 1, 1901, 



T 485 
.09 P3 
Copy 1 



THE " 



Pan /^American Exposition. 




BUFFALO, N.Y„ US, A. 
From May 1 to November 1, 1901 



Ms 



\ 



LIBRARY OF 



CONGRESS 



019 930 2661 



